Over the last few months, I have been reflecting on my time spent supporting students in classrooms and working with small groups in junior grades, particularly during math instruction. Two observations have remained consistent: many students benefit from developing a stronger growth mindset in mathematics, and many are benefiting from additional opportunities to strengthen their foundational numeracy skills.
Before focusing on targeted instruction and specific mathematical concepts, one of the ways I begin mathematics learning at the start of the school year is by recognizing and drawing attention to the emotional side of learning math. Many students approach math with uncertainty, anxiety, or a lack of confidence based on previous experiences. Sometimes a seemingly small interaction can have a significant impact. A student who hears a peer quickly solve a problem and say, “That’s so easy,” may begin to internalize the idea that they are not good at math. Over time, these experiences can shape how students see themselves as mathematicians.
One of the most powerful things educators can do is help students develop a positive mathematical identity. When students believe they are capable of learning mathematics, they are more likely to persevere through challenges, take risks, and engage in meaningful problem-solving.
Strand A: Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) Skills in the Ontario Mathematics Curriculum provides a strong foundation for this work. The curriculum encourages educators to integrate self-awareness, perseverance, resilience, and healthy coping strategies directly into mathematics learning. By intentionally creating classroom environments where mistakes are valued as part of the learning process, we can help students develop confidence and strengthen their willingness to engage with challenging tasks.
So how do we create those productive opportunities?
As educators, we know that building a positive mathematical mindset develops over time through consistent modelling, classroom routines, as well as opportunities for reflection. When students begin to view mathematics as a space for exploration rather than simply arriving at the correct answer, they become more willing to share their thinking, take risks, and learn from mistakes.
Some ways to intentionally incorporate SEL opportunities into your mathematics classroom include:
- Incorporating regular reflection time through reading stories
- Using exit tickets that invite students to reflect on their mathematical experiences. Questions such as “How did you feel about math today?”, “What part felt successful?”, or “What challenged you?” can help students develop self-awareness and identify areas for growth.
- Modelling positive self-talk during instruction. Statements such as “I’m going to keep trying,” “I can work with a partner to solve this,” or “I can ask for help when I need it” demonstrate the mindset we hope students will adopt.
- Offering open-ended tasks that allow students to approach problems using different strategies and demonstrate multiple possible solutions. Open-ended tasks help students recognize that mathematics is not always about finding one correct pathway.
- Using social stories and mentor texts that model perseverance, resilience, and positive self-talk when encountering challenges.
- Celebrating learning through mistakes by encouraging students to record misconceptions, revisions, and new understandings in their math journals.
These practices help create a classroom culture where students feel safe taking risks and where mathematical thinking is valued as much as the final answer.
It is also important to recognize that math anxiety is not always rooted in mindset alone. For some students, feelings of frustration or avoidance may stem from gaps in foundational numeracy skills, language barriers, learning exceptionalities, or previous interruptions in learning. If you notice that a student is consistently struggling despite classroom supports, consider collaborating with your school’s Special Education or English as a Second Language /English Literacy Development resource teacher. These team members can help inform assessment practices, identify underlying needs, and suggest targeted supports that may help the student access mathematics more successfully.
Once students feel confident engaging in mathematical tasks and sharing their thinking, instructional focus can shift toward strengthening their understanding of numbers and foundational mathematical concepts. Students benefit from reflecting on how mathematics makes them feel and from developing a growth mindset. They also benefit from seeing what effective mathematicians do; ask questions, try different strategies, learn from mistakes, and persevere through challenges.
In Part 2 of this blog, we will explore how strengthening foundational numeracy skills can further support student confidence and mathematical success.
